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Trapezius muscle - Anatomy, Evolution, Function and Therapy

Updated: Jan 26, 2023


The trapezius muscle is a large, flat muscle located in the upper back and neck region of the body. It is composed of three parts: the superior, middle and inferior trapezius. This muscle originates from the occipital bone of the skull and extends down and outwards to the spine of the shoulder blade and clavicle.


It is responsible for the movements of the shoulder, neck, and spine.The trapezius muscle is an example of a muscle that has evolved over time to accommodate the needs of humans. It is believed that when homo sapiens first evolved, the trapezius muscle was much smaller and used mainly for posture and head movements. As our early ancestors developed and became bipedal, the trapezius muscle became larger and more complex in order to support the upper body in a more upright position. The muscle was then able to perform more complex tasks such as shrugging and rotating the shoulder.





The trapezius muscle is an important muscle for everyday activities and is particularly important for activities that involve the upper body, such as carrying groceries or reaching for something in a high cupboard. This muscle is also important for maintaining posture.


Poor posture can put undue strain on the trapezius muscle, leading to pain and discomfort. The sedentary lifestyle of many people today can also lead to problems with the trapezius muscle. Sitting for long periods of time can cause the muscle to become tight, leading to pain and restricted movement.





Sports massage is an effective technique for relieving tightness in the trapezius muscle and can help to improve posture and reduce pain. JANMI Soft Tissue Therapy is an effective form of sports massage that uses a combination of kneading, stretching and pressure to release tension in the muscle. JANMI Soft Tissue Therapy is highly effective in relieving tightness in the trapezius muscle, helping to improve posture and reduce pain.


Stretching and strengthening exercises are also important for the trapezius muscle.


Here are five simple stretches that can help to relieve tightness in the trapezius muscle: 1. Neck roll: Slowly roll the head in a circular motion while keeping the shoulders relaxed.

2. Shoulder shrug: Shrug the shoulders up and down while keeping the arms loose at the sides.

3. Chin tuck: Gently tuck the chin down towards the chest while keeping the shoulders down and relaxed.

4. Shoulder blade squeeze: Squeeze the shoulder blades together and then relax.

5. Arm circles: Move the arms in a circular motion, keeping the shoulders relaxed.







Here are five simple strengthening exercises for the trapezius muscle:

1. Dumbbell shrug: Hold a pair of light dumbbells and shrug the shoulders up and down.

2. Seated row: Sit on a bench or chair and row a pair of light dumbbells towards the body.

3. Lat pulldown: Sit on a lat pulldown machine and pull a bar down towards the chest. 4. Prone shoulder extension: Lie on the floor on your stomach and extend the arms behind the body.

5. Standing shoulder press: Stand with feet shoulder-width apart and press a pair of light dumbbells overhead.


It is important to remember that stretching and strengthening exercises should be done in moderation. Always consult a qualified health professional before beginning any exercise program.





DISCLAIMER: The information provided in this article is for educational and informational purposes only and is not intended to diagnose, treat, cure any disease. It is not a substitute for professional medical advice. If you have any concerns about your health or physical condition, please consult a qualified health professional.

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